There is just one month left for the general elections to be held, and the names of the candidates presented by each party to 23J are already known. This Wednesday they have been published in the Official State Gazette (BOE) and, after a short period of correction of errors and allegations, on June 27 the final candidacies will be known.
For now, the sheets registered by the parties and coalitions in the 52 electoral constituencies –50 provinces plus the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla– already shed light (and data) on some aspects of the electoral panorama for July 23. In them it is observed, for example, that of the 349 deputies that remained in Congress when the Cortes were dissolved after the electoral call, 210 repeat on the lists for 23J. They represent 60% of the total, while 139 –40%– say goodbye to the Lower House.
Of the main parties, the ones that have ‘renewed’ their faces in Congress the most are the PP and PSOE, on the one hand, in which 44% of candidates do not repeat, and Sumar, on the other, which renews 53% of the members of their lists if the deputies of Podemos and IU are taken into account. They also renew between 75% and 85% of the candidates for deputies from Junts, EH Bildu, Vox, PNV and ERC; while the candidate from Teruel Existe and the BNG, and the two from Navarra Suma, the CUP and the Canary Islands-Nueva Canaria-Canarian Nationalist Party, respectively, repeat.
It should be noted, in any case, that being present on the electoral lists does not automatically mean being elected since several of those who repeat do so in symbolic positions without the possibility of being elected. These are the cases, for example, of Ana Oramas, Ignacio Garriga or Jaume Asens, who will close the candidacies of their provinces and have no chance of obtaining a seat.
It must also be taken into account that of the 58 deputies who resigned during the last legislature, 10 are running for these elections. Among them, PSOE ministers such as Fernando Grande-Marlaska, Margarita Robles, Teresa Ribera or Luis Planas. Also Alberto Rodríguez, who goes from Podemos to Sumar. Or Macarena Olona, who left her seat with Vox and now presents herself with her new party, Caminando Juntos.
Through the following tool you can perform a search for the deputies who repeat on the 23J lists, either with the same party or with another, and the positions they occupy:
Analyzing the percentage of women and men who head the electoral lists of each party, it is verified that none of the ‘big’ parties or coalitions –PSOE, PP, Sumar, Vox– reaches 50% female representation to open their lists. The party that comes closest to that percentage is the PP, with 44% women leading the lists, followed by PSOE and Sumar –tied at 42%– and, by far, by Vox, with 29% women.
The following map shows, province by province, the gender of each of the heads of the party list in each constituency: men or women. The greener, the lower the percentage of women; gray –Palencia, Alicante, Córdoba– indicates parity; In purple are the circumscriptions where more women than men present themselves as heads of the list.
These are the cases that attract the most attention:
If the percentage of women heads of the list of the four main parties is compared with respect to the general elections of November 10, 2019, PP, PSOE and Vox have increased their female representation, even without reaching parity –Vox does not even reach the 30th%-.
On the other hand, in Sumar this percentage drops, if compared with the women at the top of the list that Podemos and Izquierda Unida presented four years ago, going from 46.2% then to 42.3% today.
Although the Government approved in March the draft Law for the Equal Representation of women and men in decision-making bodies – which intends to make the so-called ‘zipper lists’ mandatory in the electoral law – the early call for elections slowed down their processing, leaving the parties decide at least in these elections. Zipper lists are understood to be those that include a man and a woman alternately until the end of the electoral list.
Analyzing what the four main parties or coalitions that present themselves at the national level have done in this regard, the conclusion is that all of them start from a male majority among their heads of list, while the board becomes more equal as the elections progress. positions. In the Vox lists, as a notable case, there are no more women than men until the fourth place of the candidacies. In PP, PSOE and Sumar the ‘compensation’ occurs earlier, with the ‘zipper effect’ being more pronounced in the PSOE and Sumar lists.
If you want to consult the complete lists presented for the 23J general elections, you can do so below:
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