The main diseases of dogs: Symptoms, prevention and treatments

Known as man’s best friends, dogs are loyal and affectionate companions that enrich our lives in countless ways. However, like any living being, they are susceptible to various diseases that can affect their health and well-being. Let’s learn about the main diseases that affect dogs, their symptoms, how to prevent them and the treatments available, with the aim of providing pet owners with the necessary information to keep their furry friends healthy and happy.

Canine Parvovirus

Symptoms

Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious disease that primarily affects puppies, although adult dogs can also contract it. Symptoms include:

• Severe vomiting
• bloody diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• rapid dehydration

Prevention

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent parvovirus. Puppies should receive a series of vaccinations beginning at six weeks of age.

Treatment

Parvovirus treatment involves intensive care, including:

• Intravenous therapy to rehydrate the dog
• Medications to control vomiting and diarrhea
• Nutritional supplements

Canine Distemper

Symptoms

Canine distemper is another serious viral disease that can affect dogs of all ages. Symptoms can vary but usually include:

• Fever
• Nasal and eye discharge
• Cough
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Seizures and other neurological problems

Prevention

As with parvovirus, vaccination is key to preventing distemper. It is essential to follow the vaccination schedule recommended by the veterinarian.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for distemper, so it focuses on relieving symptoms:

• Intravenous fluids
• Medications to reduce fever and control secondary infections
• Anticonvulsants in cases of neurological symptoms

Lyme’s desease

Symptoms

Transmitted by ticks, Lyme disease can cause serious symptoms, such as:

• Fever
• Intermittent lameness
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• Joint inflammation

Prevention

Prevention includes the use of tick repellent products, periodic checks of the dog’s coat and vaccination in endemic areas.

Treatment

Treatment of Lyme disease usually includes:

• Antibiotics such as doxycycline
• Painkillers to relieve joint pain

Rage

Symptoms

Rabies is a fatal viral disease that affects the central nervous system. Symptoms in dogs include:

• Changes in behavior, such as unusual aggression or shyness
• Fever
• Paralysis
• Excessive salivation
• Difficulty to swallow

Prevention

Annual rabies vaccination is mandatory in many places and is the best way to prevent the disease.

Treatment

There is no treatment for rabies once symptoms appear, so prevention through vaccination is crucial.

Internal and External Parasites

Symptoms

Internal parasites such as worms and external parasites such as fleas and ticks can cause a variety of symptoms:

• Diarrhea (internal parasites)
• Weightloss
• Itching and redness of the skin (external parasites)
• Lethargy

Prevention

Prevention includes:

• Regular deworming according to veterinarian recommendations
• Use of flea collars and topical treatments

Treatment

Treatment varies depending on the type of parasite:

• Specific antiparasitics for worms and other internal parasites
• Medicated Shampoos and Topical Flea and Tick Treatments

Conclusion

Keeping your dog healthy requires constant attention and care, as well as good communication with your veterinarian. Vaccinations, parasite prevention, and regular medical care are essential to protect your pet from these common diseases. With the right knowledge and preventive measures, you can ensure your furry friend lives a long, healthy, and happy life.