A new number of ECLAC Magazinethe main academic publication of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, is now available on the Internet, with ten articles by prominent professors and researchers on various economic, social and environmental aspects of several countries in the region.
Issue No. 143 of the magazine can be downloaded free of charge from the ECLAC website. It includes topics such as the economic development of Colombia, the sustainability of the municipalities of the state of Paraná, and the link between FDI and exports in developing countries, among other studies.
In the article titled “Colombian economic development since the beginning of the 20th century”, the Professor of Columbia University and former Executive Secretary of ECLAC (1998-2003), José Antonio Ocampo, and the Professor of the Sergio Arboleda University of Colombia , Carmen Astrid Romero Baquero, analyze Colombia’s achievements in terms of economic growth since the beginning of the 20th century, the evolution of public policies that contributed to achieving them and the main effects on social development and regional inequalities.
According to the authors, Colombia’s economic performance is divided into three periods: 1905-1929, 1930-1980 and 1981-2023. The first was characterized by coffee expansion, a boom in investment in physical infrastructure and the beginning of oil exploitation. In the second, industrial development was consolidated and agricultural production and exports were diversified. And the last one was characterized by the combination of a State with greater provision of social services and promoter of decentralization, and the liberalization of foreign trade and the financial system. Its economic results were deindustrialization, export reprimarization, whose main product was oil, and greater macroeconomic volatility, they conclude.
For their part, in the article “The link between the outflow of foreign direct investment and exports: information from developing countries”, professors from the School of Management of Jiangsu University, China, Madiha Gohar and Lingyan Xu, together Professor at Sumatera Utara University, Indonesia, Iskandar Muda, and doctoral fellows at the School of Economics at Shanghai University, China, Hajra Ihsan and Ayesha Mustafa, examine how the outflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) from emerging countries affects the exports of the investing countries.
Their research results show that outward FDI significantly improves export performance in developing countries. They indicate that there is an additional impact of outward FDI on the exports of emerging countries with medium and upper-middle incomes. Meanwhile, results at the regional level show that this additional impact is greater in Asia and the Pacific than in other developing regions. On the contrary, in Latin America and the Caribbean, FDI outflows replace national exports and the regional contribution to total global FDI outflows is smaller and more variable than in other regions.
Meanwhile, in the article “Sustainability and development in the municipalities of the state of Paraná: mapping and diagnosis using the sustainable development index of Brazilian cities (IDSC-BR)”, the Graduate and Master in Economics from the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) (Brazil), Ana Paula Costa, and the Adjunct Professor at the Latin American Institute of Economy, Society and Politics of the Graduate Program in Economics of the Federal University of Latin American Integration (UNILA) (Brazil), Virginia Laura Fernández, map compliance with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in the 399 municipalities of Paraná, according to the methodology of the sustainable development index of Brazilian cities (IDSC-BR).
Its main findings indicate that the municipalities with the lowest scores in compliance with the SDGs are concentrated in the central region of Paraná. Analyzing by SDG, the objectives with the best performance in the state are: Objective 11. Sustainable cities and communities (89.52%); Objective 7. Affordable and non-polluting energy (85.11%); and Objective 12. Responsible production and consumption (75.64%). On the other hand, they point out that the SDGs with the greatest challenges for compliance are: Objective 15. Life of terrestrial ecosystems (16.83%); Objective 14. Underwater life (26.02%); and Objective 17. Alliances to achieve the Objectives (33.25%).
The most recent edition of ECLAC Magazine presents a total of 10 articles by renowned international academics and experts. In addition to the studies already mentioned, research is also published on the role of the Amazon in Brazil’s primary-export model and the subjective well-being of people when entering the labor market, among other topics.
Readers are reminded that the opinions expressed in the articles published in the Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ECLAC.
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