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Subnational development policy decisions based on the intensive use of relevant information optimize the use and allocation of economic resources, so it is important to have the largest amount of data and at the most detailed level possible.
The subnational accounts (CSN) constitute a tool of significant importance to know the structure of goods and services produced and their evolution in the different territories of a country. In this sense, the gross domestic product according to economic activities makes it possible to quantify its incidence and evolution in the administrative divisions, constituting a fundamental element for decision-making and planning the development of a nation.
The subnational accounts are prepared in the same way as an account at the country level, seeking to reflect on a more disaggregated scale the importance of the activities, their contribution to the nation and their interrelation with the other subnational levels within the same country.
Based on the review of the information available in the agencies in charge of compiling the national accounts of the countries of the region, the subnational accounts for the last reference year were systematized according to the production approach (by economic activity). The information is presented in the country’s national currency and also in current dollars using the same harmonization methodology used to calculate the national accounts in dollars disseminated by ECLAC.
The Subnational GDP indicators are available for 11 Latin American countries, according to their respective administrative divisions: Argentina according to Jurisdiction/Province; Bolivia, Colombia and Peru according to Department; Brazil according to State; Chile according to Region; Ecuador according to canton and province; Mexico according to Federative Entity; Panama according to Province; and Costa Rica has a regionalized input-output matrix. In it frame 1 A synoptic summary of the main characteristics of the subnational accounts available in Latin America is presented.
| countries | Method used | GDP approach | used classifier | base year | Activities | Regional disaggregation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev. 3.1 | 2004 | 53 | Province (24) |
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev. 2 | 1990 | 25 | Department (9) |
| Brazil | Mixed | production-income | ISIC Rev.4 | 2010 | 18 | Federal entity (27) |
| Chili | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev.4 | 2013 | 12 | Region (15) |
| Colombia | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev.4 | 2015 | 12 | Department (33) |
| Costa Rica | Downward MIP | __ | ISIC Rev.4 | 2017 | __ | Cantons (81) |
| Ecuador | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev.4 | 2007 | 47 | Province (24) |
| Mexico | Falling | Production | SCIAN | 2013 | 32 | Federal entity (32) |
| Panama | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev.3 | 2007 | fifteen | Province (10) |
| Peru | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev.4 | 2007 | 12 | Apartment (24) |
| Uruguay | Falling | Production | ISIC Rev.4 | 2008 | 5 | Apartment (19) |
Source: ECLAC, based on official information available on the websites.
On this occasion, the following are disseminated indicators that are available on the platform CEPALSTAT for each of the 11 countries mentioned above:
- Total annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by economic activity at current prices in national currency by subnational area
- Total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita by economic activity at current prices in national currency by subnational area
- Total annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by economic activity at current prices in dollars by subnational area
- Total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita by economic activity at current prices in dollars by subnational area
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Figure 1 Source: CEPALSTAT |
In it figure 1the Gross Domestic Product per capita is shown according to subnational area for the year 2021 in the case of Bolivia (Plurinational State of) disaggregated according to departments, where we can see that the areas with the highest level of GDP per capita are Tarija, Oruro and La Paz.
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graph 2 Source: CEPALSTAT |
In it graph 2the Added Value of Agriculture, livestock, hunting, forestry and fishing is shown for the year 2021 in the case of Colombia broken down according to departments, where we can see that the areas with the greatest participation in the national added value for that year are Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Valle del Cauca and Santander.
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