Four legislatures, two presidents, a motion of censure, the arrival of Pedro Sánchez, the emergence of Podemos, Ciudadanos and then the extreme right and two coalition governments. All of these events have happened since 2013, the last year in which there were no electoral calls of any kind. And without ruling out an advance in some of the communities or even a new turn of the helm by the president that calls for general elections – something that is actively and passively denied by Sánchez – the parties are preparing this 2025 as an unknown scenario and warming up its machinery for the next cycle, which will begin with the Andalusian ones in 2026.
In 2013 Mariano Rajoy governed with a very large absolute majority of 189 deputies. Spain was still suffering the effects of the economic crisis and the social climate set the conditions for the birth of a party, Podemos, which was the beginning of the end of the two-party system that has marked more than a decade of electoral repetitions, unexpected advances and the first motion of successful censorship of democracy: that of Sánchez in 2018.
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