Unprecedented image of the largest volcano in the solar system

June 28 () –

Mars Odyssey, NASA’s longest-running Martian robot, has taken a unprecedented image from Olympus Mons, the largest volcano in the solar system, which covers a good part of the horizon in orbit.

The image is part of an ongoing effort by the Mars Odyssey team to provide high-altitude views of the planet’s horizon. (The first of these views was published in late 2023.) Similar to the perspective from which astronauts from Earth board the International Space StationThe view allows scientists to learn more about clouds and dust suspended on Mars.

Taken on March 11, the image captures Olympus Mount in all its glory. With a base that extends over 600 kilometers, the shield volcano rises to a height of 27 kilometers.

A unique view of a massive Martian volcano ??

The Mars Odyssey orbiter captured the largest volcano in the solar system – Olympus Mons. With a base that sprawls 373 miles (600 km) across, it is wider than the distance from LA to San Francisco. https://t.co/1wCdeme8Kv pic.twitter.com/6k2IDb1405

— NASA JPL (@NASAJPL) June 27, 2024

“We normally see Mount Olympus in narrow strips from above, but by turning the spacecraft toward the horizon we can see in a single image how big it looms over the landscape,” he said. it’s a statement “The image is not only spectacular, but it also gives us unique scientific data,” said Odyssey project scientist Jeffrey Plaut of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, which manages the mission.

In addition to providing a frozen image of clouds and dust, these images, when taken over multiple seasons, can give scientists a more detailed understanding of the Martian atmosphere.

A blue-white band in the lower atmosphere gives a clue to the amount of dust present here. in early autumn, a period when dust storms usually begin to form. The purplish layer above it was probably due to a mixture of the planet’s red dust with some clouds of bluish water ice. Finally, towards the top of the image, A blue-green layer can be seen where water ice clouds rise about 50 kilometers into the sky.

The orbiter, named after Arthur C. Clarke’s classic science fiction novel “2001: A Space Odyssey,” captured the scene with a heat-sensitive camera called the Thermal Emission Imaging System. or THEMIS), which built and operates Arizona State University in Tempe. But since the camera is designed to look down at the surface, taking a photo of the horizon requires extra planning.

By activating thrusters located around the spacecraft, Odyssey can point THEMIS at different parts of the surface or even rotate slowly to view the tiny moons of Mars, Phobos and Deimos.

The recent image of the horizon It was conceived as an experiment many years ago during the landings of NASA’s Phoenix mission in 2008 and the Curiosity rover in 2012. As with other Mars landings before and after those missions touched down, Odyssey played an important role by relaying data as the spacecraft sped toward the surface.

To transmit its vital engineering data back to Earth, Odyssey’s antenna had to be pointed toward the newly arrived spacecraft and its landing ellipses. Scientists were intrigued when they noticed that positioning Odyssey’s antenna for the task meant THEMIS would be pointed toward the planet’s horizon.

“We decided to just turn on the camera and see what it looked like,” said Odyssey mission operations spacecraft engineer Steve Sanders of Lockheed Martin Space in Denver. Lockheed Martin built Odyssey and helps run day-to-day operations alongside mission leaders at JPL. “Based on those experiments, we designed a sequence that keeps THEMIS’ field of view centered on the horizon as we orbit the planet.”