What are the differences between 4G and 5G: Evolution of mobile connectivity

The 4G and 5G networks represent a significant advance in mobile communications. Each uses different technologies that improve the speed, capacity and latency of connections.

The evolution of mobile networks has been driven by insatiable demands for higher bandwidth and faster connections.

The 4G networksbased mainly on LTE (Long Term Evolution)introduced speeds exceeding 100 Mbps in mobility. This was essential for the widespread use of video and streaming applications.

On the other hand, the 5G networks are developed on the basis of new techniques such as NR (New Radio). They are expected to offer speeds of up to 10 Gbps. 5G also enables denser connectivity, facilitating the Internet of Things (IoT).

The technical aspects between 4G and 5G are notable. In 4G, lower radio frequencies are used, while 5G uses a wider range of frequencies, including millimeter bands.

Technology MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) is key in both standards, but 5G significantly improves this concept. With more antennas and advanced technologies, data capacity increases.

The performance comparison between 4G and 5G mainly focuses on three areas: Download and upload speed, latency, and connectivityThese factors are essential to understanding how each technology affects the user experience in different applications.

Speed ​​is a key aspect that distinguishes 4G from 5G. Download speeds on 4G can reach up to 100 Mbps under optimal conditions, while 5G promises potential exceed 10 GbpsThis represents a significant improvement in data transfer.

For uploads, 4G offers speeds around 50Mbps. In contrast, 5G can offer upload speeds of up to 1Gbps, making it easier to do activities like streaming HD video and uploading large files.

Latency refers to the time it takes for a signal to travel from the device to the server and back. In 4G, the Average latency is between 30 and 50 msIn comparison, 5G can reduce this latency to just 1ms. This drastic reduction allows for a smoother experience.

Lower latency is especially important for applications that require immediate response, such as online gaming and augmented reality. Lower latency translates into faster, more effective real-time interactions.

In terms of connectivity, 4G can handle around 2,000 devices per square kilometer. 5G, thanks to its advanced architecture, can support up to 1 million devices in the same area.

This is critical in densely populated urban environments. 5G’s enhanced capacity makes it easier to use multiple devices simultaneously, from smartphones to IoT devices, without compromising the quality of the internet connection.

The transition from 4G to 5G This involves significant changes in the use and functionality of mobile technology. Devices, applications and coverage are designed to take advantage of this new network.

Mobile devices and smartphones are evolving to incorporate 5G technologies. These devices are equipped with chips that allow faster and more stable connections.

Notable features include:

• Download speeds: Up to 10 Gbps.
• Latency reduction: Less than 1 ms, ideal for real-time applications.
• Greater connection capacity: Supports more devices in densely populated networks.

Consumers can expect improvements in communication, multimedia and online gaming experiences.

The arrival of 5G opens the door to new applications and services that were not viable with 4G. Improved connectivity promotes the development of:

• Virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR): Immersive experiences in gaming and training.
• Telemedicine applications: Real-time medical consultations with high video quality.
• Internet of Things (IoT): Connected devices that facilitate home automation and smart cities.

These advancements increase interaction and offer innovative solutions across multiple industries.

5G coverage is expanding, although it still depends on the infrastructure in each region. Urban areas tend to receive the fastest rollout, while rural regions may face challenges.

Things to consider include:

• New towers and spectrum technology achieve greater coverage.
• Regional availability: Varies considerably by operator and deployment.
• Marketing strategies: Operators highlight the speed and ability to attract users.